7 min read • Guide 695 of 877
Improving Team Velocity Over Time
Sustainable velocity improvement comes from removing friction, not working harder. GitScrum helps track velocity trends, identify blockers and bottlenecks, and measure the impact of process improvements over time.
Understanding Velocity
What Affects Velocity
VELOCITY FACTORS:
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ │
│ POSITIVE FACTORS (increase velocity): │
│ ✓ Stable team composition │
│ ✓ Clear requirements │
│ ✓ Good tooling and automation │
│ ✓ Low technical debt │
│ ✓ Protected focus time │
│ ✓ Strong team collaboration │
│ ✓ Efficient processes │
│ │
│ NEGATIVE FACTORS (decrease velocity): │
│ ✗ Team member changes │
│ ✗ Unclear/changing requirements │
│ ✗ High technical debt │
│ ✗ Frequent interruptions │
│ ✗ Context switching │
│ ✗ Poor tooling │
│ ✗ Process overhead │
│ │
│ TEMPORARY FACTORS: │
│ • Holidays/PTO │
│ • Illness │
│ • Onboarding new members │
│ • Major technical challenges │
│ • Infrastructure issues │
│ │
│ KEY: Sustainable improvement means addressing │
│ systemic factors, not pushing people harder. │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
Velocity Baseline
ESTABLISHING BASELINE:
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ │
│ TRACK 6-8 SPRINTS FOR RELIABLE BASELINE: │
│ │
│ Sprint │ Velocity │ Notes │
│────────┼──────────┼──────────────────────────────────────│
│ 18 │ 28 │ New team member onboarding │
│ 19 │ 32 │ │
│ 20 │ 34 │ │
│ 21 │ 30 │ Holidays │
│ 22 │ 35 │ │
│ 23 │ 36 │ │
│ 24 │ 38 │ │
│ 25 │ 34 │ Two members sick │
│ │
│ BASELINE CALCULATION: │
│ Average: 33.4 points │
│ Range: 28-38 points │
│ Standard deviation: 3.2 points │
│ │
│ PLANNING GUIDANCE: │
│ Commit to: 30 points (conservative) │
│ Stretch to: 36 points (optimistic) │
│ │
│ IMPROVEMENT TARGET: │
│ Aim for 10% improvement over 6 months │
│ Target: 36-37 points average │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
Improvement Strategies
Reduce Friction
FRICTION REDUCTION:
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ │
│ PROCESS FRICTION: │
│ Problem: Too many approvals needed │
│ Fix: Reduce approval layers for low-risk changes │
│ Impact: Faster flow through system │
│ │
│ TECHNICAL FRICTION: │
│ Problem: Slow CI/CD pipeline (45 min) │
│ Fix: Optimize tests, parallelize builds │
│ Impact: Faster feedback, more deploys per day │
│ │
│ COMMUNICATION FRICTION: │
│ Problem: Waiting for answers from other teams │
│ Fix: Better documentation, clearer ownership │
│ Impact: Less blocked time │
│ │
│ TOOLING FRICTION: │
│ Problem: Manual deployment steps │
│ Fix: Automate deployment pipeline │
│ Impact: Less time on operations │
│ │
│ REQUIREMENT FRICTION: │
│ Problem: Unclear stories, lots of back-and-forth │
│ Fix: Better refinement, acceptance criteria │
│ Impact: Less rework, faster starts │
│ │
│ DISCOVERY: Ask team "What slows you down?" │
│ in retrospectives. Prioritize by frequency. │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
Protect Focus Time
FOCUS TIME PROTECTION:
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ │
│ CONTEXT SWITCHING COST: │
│ │
│ Interruption → 23 min to regain focus │
│ 4 interruptions/day → 1.5 hours lost │
│ │
│ PROTECTION STRATEGIES: │
│ │
│ MEETING-FREE TIME: │
│ • Designate 9am-12pm as no-meeting zone │
│ • "Maker time" protected for deep work │
│ │
│ BATCH INTERRUPTIONS: │
│ • Check messages at set times (3x/day) │
│ • Use async for non-urgent communication │
│ │
│ REDUCE MEETINGS: │
│ • Audit meeting necessity quarterly │
│ • Replace status meetings with async updates │
│ • Make attendance optional where possible │
│ │
│ FOCUS INDICATORS: │
│ • Slack status: 🎧 Focus time - async only │
│ • DND mode during deep work │
│ │
│ MEASURE: │
│ Track "uninterrupted hours" per developer per day │
│ Target: 4+ hours of focus time daily │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
Reduce Technical Debt
TECHNICAL DEBT IMPACT:
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ │
│ DEBT SYMPTOMS: │
│ • "Simple" changes take unexpectedly long │
│ • New bugs appear when fixing old ones │
│ • Fear of changing certain code areas │
│ • Onboarding takes longer than expected │
│ │
│ SUSTAINABLE DEBT MANAGEMENT: │
│ │
│ SPRINT ALLOCATION: │
│ Features: 70-80% │
│ Tech debt: 15-20% │
│ Bugs: 5-10% │
│ │
│ DEBT PAYDOWN STRATEGIES: │
│ │
│ Scout Rule: │
│ "Leave code better than you found it" │
│ Small improvements with each change │
│ │
│ Debt Sprints: │
│ Periodic sprint focused on debt reduction │
│ 1 per quarter │
│ │
│ Targeted Debt: │
│ Prioritize debt in frequently-changed areas │
│ Leave stable areas alone │
│ │
│ ROI: Track velocity before/after debt paydown │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
Measuring Improvement
Velocity Trends
VELOCITY TREND ANALYSIS:
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ │
│ 6-MONTH VELOCITY TREND: │
│ │
│ 50│ │
│ │ ▲ │
│ 45│ ▲ │
│ │ ▲ │
│ 40│ ▲ │
│ │ ▲ │
│ 35│ ▲ ▲ │
│ │ ▲ ▲ │
│ 30│ ▲ ▲ │
│ │ ▲ ▲ │
│ 25│ ▲ ▲ │
│ └───────────────────────────────────────────────────── │
│ S18 S19 S20 S21 S22 S23 S24 S25 S26 S27 S28 S29 │
│ │
│ ANALYSIS: │
│ Start: 28 avg | Current: 44 avg | Change: +57% │
│ │
│ CORRELATION WITH IMPROVEMENTS: │
│ S20: Introduced focus time blocks → +4 pts │
│ S22: CI pipeline optimization → +3 pts │
│ S25: Reduced meeting load → +3 pts │
│ S27: Tech debt sprint → +4 pts │
│ │
│ CAUTION: Correlation ≠ causation │
│ Multiple factors contribute to improvement │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
Sustainability Check
SUSTAINABLE VELOCITY INDICATORS:
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ │
│ HEALTHY IMPROVEMENT: │
│ ✅ Velocity increasing AND quality stable │
│ ✅ Team satisfaction steady or improving │
│ ✅ Overtime rare (not the norm) │
│ ✅ Low turnover │
│ ✅ Technical debt decreasing │
│ │
│ UNHEALTHY "IMPROVEMENT": │
│ ⚠️ Velocity up, bugs up │
│ ⚠️ Velocity up, satisfaction down │
│ ⚠️ Velocity up, overtime increasing │
│ ⚠️ Velocity up, turnover increasing │
│ ⚠️ Velocity up, tech debt growing │
│ │
│ QUARTERLY HEALTH CHECK: │
│ │
│ Metric │ Trend │ Target │ Status │
│─────────────────────┼────────┼────────┼───────────────────│
│ Velocity │ +15% │ +10% │ ✅ Good │
│ Defect rate │ -5% │ Stable │ ✅ Good │
│ Team satisfaction │ Stable │ >7/10 │ ✅ Good (7.8) │
│ Avg overtime/week │ -10% │ <2 hrs │ ✅ Good (1.5 hrs) │
│ Tech debt ratio │ -8% │ <15% │ ✅ Good (12%) │
│ │
│ RESULT: Improvement is sustainable ✅ │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘